Incident Overview

Date: Saturday 20 November 1993
Aircraft Type: Yakovlev Yak-42D
Owner/operator: Avioimpex, lsf Saravia – Saratov Airlines
Registration Number: RA-42390
Location: 2 km E of Ohrid Airport (OHD) – ÿ North Macedonia
Phase of Flight: Approach
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 116 / Occupants: 116
Component Affected: Aircraft (Yak-42D)Aircraft (Yak-42D)
Category: Accident
Aviation incident involving a Yakovlev Yak-42D passenger plane resulted in the deaths of 108 passengers and eight crew members near Ohrid, North Macedonia. The flight, operating from GenŠve-Cointrin Airport (GVA) to Skopje Airport (SKP), was diverted due to heavy snowfall. A missed approach procedure was initiated, leading to a collision with the side of Mount Trojani at an altitude of 4900 feet. The GPWS system failed, and the crew’s actions, including continued approach despite unawareness of their position, are under investigation.Aviation incident involving a Yakovlev Yak-42D passenger plane resulted in the deaths of 108 passengers and eight crew members near Ohrid, North Macedonia. The flight, operating from GenŠve-Cointrin Airport (GVA) to Skopje Airport (SKP), was diverted due to heavy snowfall. A missed approach procedure was initiated, leading to a collision with the side of Mount Trojani at an altitude of 4900 feet. The GPWS system failed, and the crew’s actions, including continued approach despite unawareness of their position, are under investigation.

Description

Avioimpex flight 110, a Yakovlev Yak-42D passenger plane, was destroyed in an accident near Ohrid, North Macedonia. All 108 passengers and eight crew members were killed. One passenger initially survived the accident, but died on December 2, 1993. The aircraft operated a scheduled flight from GenŠve-Cointrin Airport (GVA), Switzerland to Skopje Airport (SKP), Macedonia. Because of heavy snowfall at Skopje, the flight diverted to Ohrid. The first approach to runway 02 at Ohrid was abandoned and a missed approach procedure was executed. The airplane was manoeuvring for another approach when it flew into the side of Mount Trojani at an elevation of 4900 feet, which is about 2600 feet above airfield elevation. The GPWS sounded during seven seconds prior to the impact. At the time of the accident the VOR beacon at Ohrid was not working. Macedonian investigators said this was a factor in the accident. The crew did not follow the airport traffic pattern and continued with the approach even though they were unaware of their exact position. Russian prosecutors however claimed that there was a misunderstanding because air traffic controller spoke Macedonian while the crew used Russian and English in their transmissions.

Source of Information

https://www.airhistory.net/info/soviet.phphttps://www.airhistory.net/info/soviet.php

Primary Cause

Loss of situational awareness and adherence to airport traffic patterns due to miscommunication and a failed GPWS system.Loss of situational awareness and adherence to airport traffic patterns due to miscommunication and a failed GPWS system.

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