Incident Overview

Date: Thursday 14 November 1957
Aircraft Type: Martin 4-0-4
Owner/operator: Eastern Air Lines
Registration Number: N492A
Location: Massena-Richards Field, NY (MSS) – ÿ United States of America
Phase of Flight: Landing
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 5
Component Affected: The aircraft’s nose-down attitude and rate of descent during the final approach.The aircraft’s nose-down attitude and rate of descent during the final approach.
Investigating Agency: CABCAB
Category: Accident
A flight involving a near-miss incident on Flight 18, where the captain initiated a controlled descent during approach to Massena Airport. The captain executed a rectangular left-hand pattern, turned to finals, and then initiated a controlled descent with a steep nose-down attitude and high rate of descent. The aircraft experienced a hard landing, resulting in engine separation and a rebound, leading to a runway excursion. The incident highlights a potential error in the captain?s final approach technique.A flight involving a near-miss incident on Flight 18, where the captain initiated a controlled descent during approach to Massena Airport. The captain executed a rectangular left-hand pattern, turned to finals, and then initiated a controlled descent with a steep nose-down attitude and high rate of descent. The aircraft experienced a hard landing, resulting in engine separation and a rebound, leading to a runway excursion. The incident highlights a potential error in the captain?s final approach technique.

Description

Flight 18 was on the last leg of flight New York – Albany – Plattsburg – Malone – Massena when it approached Massena. The first officer established a downwind leg at 1200 feet to execute a rectangular left-hand pattern for runway 04. The turn to base leg was made at about 800 feet at an airspeed off about 130 knots, according to the captain. The aircraft then turned to finals at 500 feet agl. On finals the aircraft seemed high; the first officer intended to ask permission to go around when the captain took control of the aircraft. He closed the throttles and applied full flaps and slowed the aircraft to 95 knots. His intention was to lower the nose to descend and, during the descent, increase the speed to 110 knots for flareout and touchdown. The rate of descent continued however when he began the flareout. The aircraft landed hard, causing the no. 2 engine to separate from the wing. The plane then rebounded and touched down heavily again before running off the side of the runway. Crossing the taxiway, the no. 1 engine also separated from the wing. PROBABLE CAUSE: “The captain’s incorrect technique during the final approach which resulted in an abnormally steep nose-down attitude and high rate of descent, the latter not being sufficiently arrested before touchdown.”

Primary Cause

Incorrect final approach technique, specifically an abnormally steep nose-down attitude and high rate of descent, which failed to adequately arrest the descent.Incorrect final approach technique, specifically an abnormally steep nose-down attitude and high rate of descent, which failed to adequately arrest the descent.

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