Incident Overview

Date: Friday 26 June 1959
Aircraft Type: Lockheed L-1649A Starliner
Owner/operator: Trans World Airlines – TWA
Registration Number: N7313C
Location: 32 km NW of Milano – ÿ Italy
Phase of Flight: En route
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 68 / Occupants: 68
Component Affected: Wing separationWing separation
Investigating Agency: CABCAB
Category: Accident
On July 26, 2023, a TWA Lockheed Starliner, the ‘Star of Severn’, crashed in Italy after a flight from Rome to Chicago, via Milan and Paris. The flight began at 15:00 hours from Rome, Italy, and reached Milan at 16:36, with a normal flight duration. Following takeoff from Malpensa Airport at 17:20, the aircraft entered weather conditions with scattered thunderstorms. It then flew a climbing circuit to the Biella NDB, requiring a minimum of 10,000 feet, and subsequently proceeded to the Saronno NDB, requiring a minimum of 18,500 feet before crossing the Alpine mountains. Approximately 17:35, the aircraft reported reaching 10,000 feet and continuing to Biella, estimating completion at 17:45. At 17:35, a structural failure occurred, initiated by a wing separation. The aircraft broke up and crashed, resulting in debris scattered over an area of approximately 3 square kilometers. The probable cause was an explosion of fuel vapours contained in tank No.7, followed by either an explosion of pressure or a further explosion in tank No.6. Given the stormy weather conditions, frequent electric discharges, and the presence of static electricity discharges, it is assumed that the explosion of fuel vapours in tank No.7 was initiated by igniting gasoline vapours from the outlet pipes, resulting in a streamer corona effect, which subsequently caused the explosion.On July 26, 2023, a TWA Lockheed Starliner, the ‘Star of Severn’, crashed in Italy after a flight from Rome to Chicago, via Milan and Paris. The flight began at 15:00 hours from Rome, Italy, and reached Milan at 16:36, with a normal flight duration. Following takeoff from Malpensa Airport at 17:20, the aircraft entered weather conditions with scattered thunderstorms. It then flew a climbing circuit to the Biella NDB, requiring a minimum of 10,000 feet, and subsequently proceeded to the Saronno NDB, requiring a minimum of 18,500 feet before crossing the Alpine mountains. Approximately 17:35, the aircraft reported reaching 10,000 feet and continuing to Biella, estimating completion at 17:45. At 17:35, a structural failure occurred, initiated by a wing separation. The aircraft broke up and crashed, resulting in debris scattered over an area of approximately 3 square kilometers. The probable cause was an explosion of fuel vapours contained in tank No.7, followed by either an explosion of pressure or a further explosion in tank No.6. Given the stormy weather conditions, frequent electric discharges, and the presence of static electricity discharges, it is assumed that the explosion of fuel vapours in tank No.7 was initiated by igniting gasoline vapours from the outlet pipes, resulting in a streamer corona effect, which subsequently caused the explosion.

Description

The TWA Lockheed Starliner, named “Star of Severn”, departed Rome, Italy at 15:00 hours on a flight to Chicago, USA, via Milan, Italy and Paris, France. The flight reached Milan at 16:36 after a normal flight. The aircraft departed Malpensa Airport at 17:20 in weather conditions with scattered thunderstorms. The flight crew received clearance to the Saronno NDB, where it has to fly a climbing circuit to at least 10000 feet. It then has to proceed to the Biella NDB, which has to be reached at least 18500 feet before crossing the Alpine mountains. At 17:26 the flight reported climbing through 6000 feet in the Saronno circuit. Six minutes later they report having reached 10000 feet and continuing to Biella, which they estimate to reach at 17:45. About 17:35 the aircraft suffered a structural failure occurred, initiated by a wing separation. The aircraft broke up and crashed, with debris scattered over an area of about 3 square kilometers. PROBABLE CAUSE: “The breaking-up in flight was due to the explosion of the fuel vapours contained in tank No.7, followed immediately by either an explosion of pressure or a further explosion in tank no.6. In the absence of other significant concrete evidence, taking into account the stormy weather conditions, with frequent electric discharges, existing in the area at the time of the crash, it may be assumed that the explosion of the fuel vapours contained in tank No.7 was set off, through the outlet pipes, by igniting of the gasoline vapours issuing from these pipes as a consequence of static electricity discharges (streamer corona) which developed on the vent outlets.”

Source of Information

http://www.olgiateolona26giugno1959.org/indexeng.htmlhttp://www.olgiateolona26giugno1959.org/indexeng.html

Primary Cause

Explosion of fuel vapours from tank No.7, resulting in a streamer corona effect.Explosion of fuel vapours from tank No.7, resulting in a streamer corona effect.

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