Incident Overview

Date: Wednesday 20 October 1948
Aircraft Type: Lockheed L-049-46-25 Constellation
Owner/operator: KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
Registration Number: PH-TEN
Location: 5 km E of Glasgow-Prestwick Airport (PIK) – ÿ United Kingdom
Phase of Flight: Approach
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 40 / Occupants: 40
Component Affected: Aircraft ? Lockheed Constellation (Nijmegen)Aircraft ? Lockheed Constellation (Nijmegen)
Category: Accident
A KLM Lockheed Constellation, named Nijmegen, crashed while on approach to Glasgow-Prestwick Airport, Scotland, resulting in the deaths of all four occupants. The aircraft departed Amsterdam, Netherlands, at 21:11 GMT on a transatlantic flight to New York, USA, with an intermediate stop at Prestwick. Upon arrival near Prestwick, the aircraft entered the runway 26 downwind leg, and the pilot initiated a visual approach to runway 26 instead of the planned takeoff for runway 32. After overshooting runway 32, the aircraft entered the runway 26 downwind leg, resulting in a catastrophic impact. The aircraft caught fire and completed a left turn before crashing.A KLM Lockheed Constellation, named Nijmegen, crashed while on approach to Glasgow-Prestwick Airport, Scotland, resulting in the deaths of all four occupants. The aircraft departed Amsterdam, Netherlands, at 21:11 GMT on a transatlantic flight to New York, USA, with an intermediate stop at Prestwick. Upon arrival near Prestwick, the aircraft entered the runway 26 downwind leg, and the pilot initiated a visual approach to runway 26 instead of the planned takeoff for runway 32. After overshooting runway 32, the aircraft entered the runway 26 downwind leg, resulting in a catastrophic impact. The aircraft caught fire and completed a left turn before crashing.

Description

A KLM Lockheed Constellation crashed while on approach to Glasgow-Prestwick Airport, United Kingdom, killing all 40 occupants The Lockheed Constellation, named “Nijmegen”, departed Amsterdam, the Netherlands, at 21:11 GMT on a transatlantic flight to New York, USA with an intermediate stop at Prestwick, Scotland. Arriving near Prestwick, the aircraft was vectored for a Ground Controlled Approach to runway 32. The pilot however wanted to try a visual approach to runway 26. After having overshot runway 32, the aircraft entered the runway 26 downwind leg. At an altitude of 440 feet the aircraft struck high tension cables; the aircraft caught fire and completed a left turn before crashing. The captain on the flight was a renowned KLM pilot, K.D. Parmentier, who had flown KLM’s DC-2 “Uiver” during the London-Melbourne air race in 1934. PROBABLE CAUSE: “1) That when the pilot started his landing manoeuvre for runway 26 of Prestwick Airport the weather conditions were already below the limits for this manoeuvre but that from the weather forecasts received this could not be known to him and that this could not be personally judged at the time. 2) That, although the landing on runway 26 under the weather conditions, as far as these were known to the pilot, required the greatest caution, the pilot could not be blamed for having commenced that landing procedure. 3) That flying too long on the downwind-leg of runway 26 caused the accident. 4) That, if no unknown circumstances contributed to the extension of the flight on the downwind-leg of runway 26, the extension was due to the delayed action of the pilot after he lost visual approach. 5) That it was not impossible that a stronger wind that the pilot accounted for contributed to the extension of the flight on the downwind-leg of runway 26. 6) That the possibility of other circumstances as mentioned under 4 could not be ruled out, but that no data was available which could give cause for the supposition that they contributed to the extension of the flight at a low altitude on the downwind-leg of runway 26.”

Primary Cause

1) That when the pilot started his landing manoeuvre for runway 26 of Prestwick Airport the weather conditions were already below the limits for this manoeuvre but that from the weather forecasts received this could not be known to him and that this could not be personally judged at the time.1) That when the pilot started his landing manoeuvre for runway 26 of Prestwick Airport the weather conditions were already below the limits for this manoeuvre but that from the weather forecasts received this could not be known to him and that this could not be personally judged at the time.

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