Incident Overview

Date: Thursday 3 October 1946
Aircraft Type: Douglas C-54E-5-DO (DC-4)
Owner/operator: American Overseas Airlines
Registration Number: NC90904
Location: 11,4 km NE of Stephenville-Harmon AAB, NL (YJT) – ÿ Canada
Phase of Flight: Initial climb
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 39 / Occupants: 39
Component Affected: DC-4 AircraftDC-4 Aircraft
Investigating Agency: CABCAB
Category: Accident
On October 2, 1946, a DC-4, ‘Flagship New England’, experienced a collision with a steep ridge during takeoff. The aircraft was diverted to Stephenville-Harmon Field due to poor visibility at Gander, Canada, and then landed there after a 12-hour stopover. The tower operator instructed the crew to taxi to runway 07, which was subsequently changed to runway 30. The wind was 90 degrees, visibility was 10 miles with overcast conditions, and the ceiling was 5,000 feet. The collision occurred at an elevation of 1160 feet, 7.1 miles past the runway, resulting in damage to the aircraft.On October 2, 1946, a DC-4, ‘Flagship New England’, experienced a collision with a steep ridge during takeoff. The aircraft was diverted to Stephenville-Harmon Field due to poor visibility at Gander, Canada, and then landed there after a 12-hour stopover. The tower operator instructed the crew to taxi to runway 07, which was subsequently changed to runway 30. The wind was 90 degrees, visibility was 10 miles with overcast conditions, and the ceiling was 5,000 feet. The collision occurred at an elevation of 1160 feet, 7.1 miles past the runway, resulting in damage to the aircraft.

Description

The DC-4, named “Flagship New England”, departed New York-LaGuardia (LGA) at 12:14 on October 2, 1946 bound for Shannon (SNN), Ireland and Berlin, Germany. Prior to crossing the Atlantic, an intermediate stop was planned at Gander in Canada. Poor visibility at Gander forced the crew to land at their alternate, Stephenville-Harmon Field. The DC-4 arrived there at 16:30. In order to provide the necessary crew rest, a 12-hour stopover was made with a scheduled departure at 04:45. The flight was cleared to taxi to runway 30 for departure. As the wind appeared to be from 90 degrees at 9 kts, the tower operator advised the crew to taxi to runway 07 instead. At the time of the takeoff the ceiling was reported 5,000 feet, overcast; visibility 10 miles. Neither moon nor stars were visible through the overcast as the flight took off towards unlit terrain. It was general practice for flights using runway 07 to turn right immediately after takeoff to avoid rising terrain. After takeoff the DC-4 continued in a straight line and collided with a steep ridge at an elevation of 1160 feet, 7,1 miles past the runway. PROBABLE CAUSE: “The action of the pilot in maintaining the direction of take-off toward higher terrain over which adequate clearance could not be gained.”

Primary Cause

The pilot’s action of maintaining the direction of take-off toward higher terrain over which adequate clearance could not be gained.The pilot’s action of maintaining the direction of take-off toward higher terrain over which adequate clearance could not be gained.

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