Incident Overview

Date: Tuesday 21 December 1948
Aircraft Type: Douglas C-47A-20-DK (DC-3)
Owner/operator: CSA Ceskoslovensk‚ Aerolinie
Registration Number: OK-WDN
Location: near Pilos – ÿ Greece
Phase of Flight: En route
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 24 / Occupants: 24
Component Affected: AircraftAircraft
Category: Accident
An aircraft lost its orientation due to severe cloud cover, circling over Kalamata city in southwestern Peloponnese, Greece, during a period of military operations. Reports indicate a possible controlled flight into terrain scenario triggered by poor weather conditions, potentially exacerbated by a pilot’s transmission of a flare interpreted as a threat, leading to ground fire. Another account suggests communist insurgents believed the aircraft was preparing for a landing, prompting flares to signal a landing area. The aircraft was operating from Prague to Lydya, Israel, with en route stops in Rome and Athens.An aircraft lost its orientation due to severe cloud cover, circling over Kalamata city in southwestern Peloponnese, Greece, during a period of military operations. Reports indicate a possible controlled flight into terrain scenario triggered by poor weather conditions, potentially exacerbated by a pilot’s transmission of a flare interpreted as a threat, leading to ground fire. Another account suggests communist insurgents believed the aircraft was preparing for a landing, prompting flares to signal a landing area. The aircraft was operating from Prague to Lydya, Israel, with en route stops in Rome and Athens.

Description

The aircraft lost its orientation due to the cloudy weather and was circling over Kalamata city (South-West Peloponnesos, instead of Athens). In the time of the event, there were military operations in process in that area. There are conflicting reports about the circumstances of the accident. It has been suggested that the aircraft suffered a controlled flight into terrain due to poor weather. Other accounts say that when the pilot transmitted a flare, this was treated as a threat and the airplane was fired upon from the ground. A third account states that communist insurgents thought the aircraft was going to drop weapons, so they lit flares to signal a landing area for parachutes. The pilot thought the flares were outlining an emergency landing strip. As he descended, the aircraft impacted a hillside. The airplane was operating on a flight from Prague, Czechoslovakia to Lydda, Israel, with en route stops at Rome and Athens.

Source of Information

http://efimeris.nlg.gr/ns/pdfwin.asp?c=64&dc=24&db=12&da=1948http://efimeris.nlg.gr/ns/pdfwin.asp?c=64&dc=24&db=12&da=1948

Primary Cause

Poor weather conditions and a pilot’s transmission of a flare, interpreted as a threat, leading to ground fire.Poor weather conditions and a pilot’s transmission of a flare, interpreted as a threat, leading to ground fire.

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