Incident Overview

Date: Tuesday 3 March 1953
Aircraft Type: de Havilland DH-106 Comet 1A
Owner/operator: Canadian Pacific Air Lines – CPAL
Registration Number: CF-CUN
Location: near Karachi-Mauripur RAF Station – ÿ Pakistan
Phase of Flight: Take off
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 11 / Occupants: 11
Component Affected: The Comet jet engine and its associated components, specifically the nose wheel and the wing during takeoff.The Comet jet engine and its associated components, specifically the nose wheel and the wing during takeoff.
Category: Accident
On April 28th, 1953, the Comet aircraft, named ‘Emissary of Hawaii’, experienced a fatal accident during a delivery flight to Sydney, Australia, from Karachi. The flight crew, consisting of two inexperienced pilots, had completed a Comet jet conversion training but lacked sufficient experience in night operations and takeoff procedures. The takeoff, commencing at Karachi, was initially planned to utilize the aircraft for the opening of service between Sydney and Honolulu. The pilot initially raised the nose wheel, causing excessive wing drag, which slowed the aircraft’s acceleration. As the aircraft approached the end of the runway, it rolled nose-high, resulting in insufficient runway length to achieve rotation speed. The impact resulted in the aircraft running off the runway and damaging a drainage ditch. The aircraft impacted a forty-foot embankment on the far side of the canal, causing significant damage and leading to a fatal accident.On April 28th, 1953, the Comet aircraft, named ‘Emissary of Hawaii’, experienced a fatal accident during a delivery flight to Sydney, Australia, from Karachi. The flight crew, consisting of two inexperienced pilots, had completed a Comet jet conversion training but lacked sufficient experience in night operations and takeoff procedures. The takeoff, commencing at Karachi, was initially planned to utilize the aircraft for the opening of service between Sydney and Honolulu. The pilot initially raised the nose wheel, causing excessive wing drag, which slowed the aircraft’s acceleration. As the aircraft approached the end of the runway, it rolled nose-high, resulting in insufficient runway length to achieve rotation speed. The impact resulted in the aircraft running off the runway and damaging a drainage ditch. The aircraft impacted a forty-foot embankment on the far side of the canal, causing significant damage and leading to a fatal accident.

Description

The Comet aircraft, named “Empress of Hawaii”, operated on a delivery flight to Canadian Pacific Air Lines. Since the airline wanted to use the aircraft to open their service between Sydney, Australia and Honolulu, Hawaii on April 28th 1953, it was to be flown to Sydney. The flight crew had completed a Comet jet conversion training in the U.K. and were still inexperienced in operating the Comet when they departed for the ferry flight to Australia. Neither of the pilots had experienced a night takeoff in the jet, nor had they flown it heavily loaded. The takeoff from Karachi would be the first night time takeoff. During takeoff, while accellerating past a speed of 85 knots, the pilot raised the nose wheel. He should have levelled the plane until the nose wheel was just off the runway. Instead he continued to roll nose-high. In this position wing drag increased, causing a slower than needed acceleration. Nearing the end of the runway, the pilot brought the nose down but the remaining runway length was insufficient to reach rotation speed. The aircraft ran off the end of the runway and a wheel on the starboard undercarriage struck the culvert of a perimeter drainage ditch. The Comet swerved and plunged into a dry canal. At a speed of more than 138 mph, the Comet impacted the forty-foot embankment on the far side of the canal. CF-CUN was the first passenger jetliner involved in a fatal accident. PROBABLE CAUSE: “The accident was caused by the fact that the nose of the aircraft was lifted too high during the takeoff run, resulting in a partially stalled condition and excessive drag. This did not permit normal acceleration and prevented the aircraft from becoming airborne within the prescribed distance. The pilot appears to have realised that the nose was excessively high and took corrective action, but this was done too late to prevent the aircraft striking an obstruction immediately beyond the perimeter fence before it became airborne. Contributory cause: The pilot, who had only limited experience in the Comet aircraft, elected to takeoff at night at the maximum permissible takeoff for the prevailing conditions. The circumstances required strict adherence to the prescribed takeoff technique, which was not complied with.”

Source of Information

https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1953/1953%20-%200273.PDFhttps://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1953/1953%20-%200273.PDF

Primary Cause

The pilot’s excessive nose wheel lift during takeoff, resulting in a partially stalled condition and excessive drag, prevented normal acceleration and ultimately led to the aircraft’s inability to reach rotation speed.The pilot’s excessive nose wheel lift during takeoff, resulting in a partially stalled condition and excessive drag, prevented normal acceleration and ultimately led to the aircraft’s inability to reach rotation speed.

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