Incident Overview

Date: Monday 20 January 2020
Aircraft Type: de Havilland Canada DHC-8-314 Dash 8
Owner/operator: Air Inuit
Registration Number: C-GXAI
Location: Schefferville Airport, QC (YKL) – ÿ Canada
Phase of Flight: Landing
Status: Substantial, repaired
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 45
Component Affected: Aircraft Control Systems (Descent Checklist & Approach Guidelines)Aircraft Control Systems (Descent Checklist & Approach Guidelines)
Investigating Agency: TSBTSB
Category: Accident
An Air Inuit DHC-8-314 aircraft experienced a tail strike during landing at Schefferville Airport, Canada, on a multi-stop flight from Montr‚al-Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport (CYUL). The accident occurred during the second leg of the flight, resulting in structural damage to the aft fuselage.An Air Inuit DHC-8-314 aircraft experienced a tail strike during landing at Schefferville Airport, Canada, on a multi-stop flight from Montr‚al-Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport (CYUL). The accident occurred during the second leg of the flight, resulting in structural damage to the aft fuselage.

Description

Air Inuit flight 820, a DHC-8-314, suffered a tail strike on landing at Schefferville Airport, Canada. The aircraft had departed Montr‚al-Pierre Elliott Trudeau Airport (CYUL) at 07:06 hours local time on a multi-stop flight to Salluit. The accident occurred on the second leg, from Montr‚al to Schefferville. Findings as to causes and contributing factors: 1. The pilots forgot to perform the descent checklist and realized this at an inopportune time, when the pilot monitoring was providing a position report. 2. Given the ambiguities and contradictions in the stabilized approach guidelines, the captain interpreted that he was allowed to continue the approach below 500 feet above aerodrome elevation although the flaps had not been set to 35ø and the final checklist had not been completed. 3. Communicating with the flight attendant to confirm the cabin status and performing the descent checklist during final approach added to the pilots’ workload, which was already heavy. 4. The combination of the visual conditions and the plan continuation bias prompted the pilots to continue managing the height and speed deviations past the stabilized approach gate. 5. When the aircraft passed 500 feet above aerodrome elevation, the pilots, who were dealing with a heavy workload, passed the stabilized approach gate without noticing it and continued the approach, which was de facto unstable. 6. At the time of the flare, the aircraft no longer had enough energy to stop the rate of descent solely by increasing the pitch attitude. 7. The instinctive reaction to increase the pitch attitude, combined with the hard landing, resulted in the aft fuselage striking the runway, causing major damage to the aircraft’s structure.

Primary Cause

Pilot error ? failure to perform the descent checklist and misinterpretation of stabilized approach guidelines, leading to an uncontrolled descent and subsequent tail strike.Pilot error ? failure to perform the descent checklist and misinterpretation of stabilized approach guidelines, leading to an uncontrolled descent and subsequent tail strike.

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