Incident Overview

Date: Wednesday 2 May 2018
Aircraft Type: Boeing 737-8K5 (WL)
Owner/operator: TUI fly Belgium
Registration Number: OO-JAY
Location: Marrakech-Menara Airport (RAK) – ÿ Morocco
Phase of Flight: Landing
Status: Substantial, repaired
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 188
Component Affected: Aircraft Control System (specifically, the flight control system and the landing gear)Aircraft Control System (specifically, the flight control system and the landing gear)
Investigating Agency: BEA MarocBEA Maroc
Category: Accident
A service from Brest Airport in France to Marrakech Airport in Morocco involved a service with a first officer and a captain. The first officer, under supervision, initiated a visual approach to Marrakech, receiving a long final approach of 20NM. The ILS was selected, and the FD was switched off when clearance was received. The aircraft experienced a series of errors during the approach, culminating in a high-speed descent and a hard landing. The captain ultimately decided against taking control, leading to a series of corrective actions by the first officer, ultimately resulting in a landing with a significant bounce. The pilot?s actions, particularly the first officer?s excessive corrections, contributed to the accident.A service from Brest Airport in France to Marrakech Airport in Morocco involved a service with a first officer and a captain. The first officer, under supervision, initiated a visual approach to Marrakech, receiving a long final approach of 20NM. The ILS was selected, and the FD was switched off when clearance was received. The aircraft experienced a series of errors during the approach, culminating in a high-speed descent and a hard landing. The captain ultimately decided against taking control, leading to a series of corrective actions by the first officer, ultimately resulting in a landing with a significant bounce. The pilot?s actions, particularly the first officer?s excessive corrections, contributed to the accident.

Description

TUI fly Belgium flight TB3640, was a service from Brest Airport in France to Marrakech Airport in Morocco. The first officer, who was line flying under supervision, was Pilot Flying while the captain, who had a Flight Instructor Rating, was Pilot Monitoring on the flight. The flight was uneventful, the weather conditions were favourable, and the crew requested a visual approach for a landing on runway 10 at Marrakech, which was received at 5NM from the ODALO point, allowing the crew to have a long final approach of about 20NM before landing. The ILS frequency was selected for both pilots, while the FD was switched off when the clearance was received for a visual approach. At 200ft agl the aircraft was below glide path, the first officer corrected by increasing thrust without controlling the vertical path being, causing the aircraft to be high on the glide path. The trainee first officer then reduced thrust (almost to idle) to catch up with the glide path by descending to the runway at 100 feet above ground level, with a very high descent rate. It was at this point that the instructor pilot had to make a decision to either take control to correct the course, or abort the landing and do a go-around as the approach was no longer stabilised and the first officer’s corrections were excessive. As the first officer had 500 hours on the type, the captain decided not to take control. Thrust was increased to decrease the rate of descent. The aircraft then made a hard landing with bounce. When the wheels touched the ground during the landing, the captain finally decided to take control. He also decided to reduce thrust further, to avoid a long landing after the bounce. As the aircraft was at a higher height than the recommended flare height, this manoeuvre was poorly executed with a nose-up attitude exceeding the values required for a safe landing. Despite the pilot’s action on the control column to remedy the situation, this did not prevent the aft fuselage from contacting the runway. Probable causes of the accident: – Inappropriate execution of the landing procedure by the flight crew; – Inappropriate correction by the first officer to catch up with the landing path; – Delayed reaction by the captain to rectify the situation; – Inadequate response by the first officer to the landing procedure; – Late reaction by captain to remedy this situation; – Inadequate decision by the captain to continue the landing. Contributing factors: – Lack of experience in the first officer; – Unfamiliar terrain for the first officer; – Lack of experience of the Type Rating Instructor pilot.

Primary Cause

Inappropriate execution of the landing procedure by the flight crew, specifically the first officer’s excessive corrections and lack of appropriate control during the descent, coupled with the captain?s delayed reaction and subsequent decision to continue the landing.Inappropriate execution of the landing procedure by the flight crew, specifically the first officer’s excessive corrections and lack of appropriate control during the descent, coupled with the captain?s delayed reaction and subsequent decision to continue the landing.

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