Incident Overview

Date: Monday 23 November 1964
Aircraft Type: Boeing 707-331
Owner/operator: Trans World Airlines – TWA
Registration Number: N769TW
Location: Roma-Fiumicino Airport (FCO) – ÿ Italy
Phase of Flight: Take off
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 50 / Occupants: 73
Component Affected: No. 2 engine reverse thrust systemNo. 2 engine reverse thrust system
Category: Accident
A TWA 707-300 aircraft crashed during takeoff from Roma-Fiumicino Airport, Italy, resulting in the loss of 50 passengers and 23 survivors. The aircraft began its takeoff run at 14:05 on runway 25, accelerating to 80 knots. The no. 2 engine’s instruments indicated zero thrust, followed by a reverse thrust deployment light. The crew immediately aborted the takeoff, reducing speed below V1. The aircraft then veered to the right and struck a pavement roller, causing significant damage and ultimately leading to a crash. The primary cause was a malfunction in the reverse thrust system of the no. 2 engine, resulting in a lack of pressure in the pneumatic clamshell door mechanism, which allowed for substantial forward thrust.A TWA 707-300 aircraft crashed during takeoff from Roma-Fiumicino Airport, Italy, resulting in the loss of 50 passengers and 23 survivors. The aircraft began its takeoff run at 14:05 on runway 25, accelerating to 80 knots. The no. 2 engine’s instruments indicated zero thrust, followed by a reverse thrust deployment light. The crew immediately aborted the takeoff, reducing speed below V1. The aircraft then veered to the right and struck a pavement roller, causing significant damage and ultimately leading to a crash. The primary cause was a malfunction in the reverse thrust system of the no. 2 engine, resulting in a lack of pressure in the pneumatic clamshell door mechanism, which allowed for substantial forward thrust.

Description

TWA flight 800, a Boeing 707-300, crashed during takeoff from Roma-Fiumicino Airport, Italy, killing 50 occupants; 23 survived the accident. The Boeing 707 started its takeoff run on runway 25 at 14:05. While accelerating through 80 knots, the no. 4 engine instruments indicated zero thrust followed by the no. 2 engine thrust reverser deployment light. The crew aborted the takeoff at a speed below V1 at 800-900 m down the runway. The plane decelerated slower than expected and veered to the right, until the no. 4 engine struck a pavement roller. The 707 caught fire and traveled another 260 m before coming to rest, engulfed in flames. PROBABLE CAUSE: “Damage to reverse thrust system of No.2 engine, not discernible by means of cockpit instruments, and consisting in the disconnection of a duct with resulting lack of pressure in the pneumatic clamshell door actuating mechanism. This malfunction allowed in the development of considerable forward thrust by No.2 engine even though the four levers were in the “reverse” position.”

Primary Cause

Malfunction of the reverse thrust system of the no. 2 engine.Malfunction of the reverse thrust system of the no. 2 engine.

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