Incident Overview

Date: Thursday 30 July 1998
Aircraft Type: Beechcraft 1900D
Owner/operator: Proteus Air
Registration Number: F-GSJM
Location: Baie de Quiberon – ÿ France
Phase of Flight: Approach
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 14 / Occupants: 14
Component Affected: Aircraft ? Beechcraft 1900D and Cessna 177RG Cardinal ? both.Aircraft ? Beechcraft 1900D and Cessna 177RG Cardinal ? both.
Investigating Agency: BEABEA
Category: Accident
A Beechcraft aircraft collided with a Cessna 177RG Cardinal over the Baie de Quiberon near Lorient. Both aircraft crashed into the sea, sinking approximately 30-50 feet below the surface. The Cessna, a private flight from Vannes, was on a detour to fly over the SS Norway, a massive cruise ship. The pilot of the Beechcraft requested permission to descend below 3000 feet, which was likely a deviation from their planned flight path. The pilot of the Cessna was a 69-year-old retired Air Inter captain with significant flying hours, and the collision was caused by a lack of visual detection between the two aircraft in an uncontrolled airspace, violating regulations regarding avoidance maneuvers.A Beechcraft aircraft collided with a Cessna 177RG Cardinal over the Baie de Quiberon near Lorient. Both aircraft crashed into the sea, sinking approximately 30-50 feet below the surface. The Cessna, a private flight from Vannes, was on a detour to fly over the SS Norway, a massive cruise ship. The pilot of the Beechcraft requested permission to descend below 3000 feet, which was likely a deviation from their planned flight path. The pilot of the Cessna was a 69-year-old retired Air Inter captain with significant flying hours, and the collision was caused by a lack of visual detection between the two aircraft in an uncontrolled airspace, violating regulations regarding avoidance maneuvers.

Description

The Beechcraft was approaching Lorient over the Baie de Quiberon when it collided at 2000 feet with a Cessna 177RG Cardinal (F-GAJE). Both aircraft crashed into the sea, 1,5 km from the 980 feet long cruise ship ‘SS Norway’ and sank 30-50 feet below the sea level. The Cessna was on a private flight from the nearby Vannes airfield. Just prior to the collision the pilot of the Beechcraft had requested permission to modify their flight plan and to descend below 3000 feet in uncontrolled airspace under VFR conditions. This was probably done to take a detour and overfly the cruise ship, which is the biggest ocean liner ever built in France. The Cardinal pilot was a 69-years old retired Air Inter captain with over 20000 hours of flying time. CAUSES PROBABLES: “L’abordage est d– … l’absence de d‚tection visuelle de l’autre avion par chacun des deux ‚quipages dans un espace a‚rien non contr“l‚ de classe G o— l’anti-abordage repose exclusivement sur la vigilance ext‚rieure (rŠgle “Voir et Eviter”). La d‚cision de changement de r‚gime de vol et de trajectoire a plac‚ l’‚quipage du Beech 1900D dans une situation de vol improvis‚e et inhabituelle avec un avion de transport public. Les facteurs contributifs suivants ont ‚t‚ identifi‚s : – les pilotes, sur des fr‚quences diff‚rentes, ignoraient leur pr‚sence r‚ciproque, – les pilotes avaient leur attention focalis‚e sur le paquebot “NORWAY”, – l’organisation de l’activit‚ dans le poste de pilotage du Beech 1900D et l’ergonomie de celui-ci ne permettaient pas une surveillance efficace, notamment vers l’ext‚rieur du virage, – les angles morts du Cessna 177 ont probablement masqu‚ … son pilote le Beech 1900D pendant une partie du rapprochement des deux avions, – la position du soleil a pu gˆner le pilote du Cessna 177, – le Cessna 177 avec son transpondeur ‚teint ne pouvait pas ˆtre visualis‚, sur son ‚cran radar, par le contr“leur de Lorient. De ce fait celui-ci n’a pas pu faire l’information de trafic … l’‚quipage du Beech 1900D.”

Primary Cause

Lack of visual detection and inadequate avoidance maneuvers due to a misjudgment of the other aircraft’s position by both pilots, exacerbated by a lack of situational awareness and an inefficient air traffic control system.Lack of visual detection and inadequate avoidance maneuvers due to a misjudgment of the other aircraft’s position by both pilots, exacerbated by a lack of situational awareness and an inefficient air traffic control system.

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