Incident Overview

Date: Tuesday 26 February 2019
Aircraft Type: Gulfstream G200 Galaxy
Owner/operator: Silk Way Business Aviation
Registration Number: 4K-AZ88
Location: Moskva-Sheremetyevo Airport (SVO) – ÿ Russia
Phase of Flight: Landing
Status: Substantial
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 6
Component Affected: The Gulfstream G200 Galaxy aircraft’s left engine, specifically the thrust reversal mechanism, and the rudder control system. The steering mechanism of the rudder was directly impacted by the turning moment caused by the thrust reversal, leading to a significant deviation of the nose wheel and a loss of control.The Gulfstream G200 Galaxy aircraft’s left engine, specifically the thrust reversal mechanism, and the rudder control system. The steering mechanism of the rudder was directly impacted by the turning moment caused by the thrust reversal, leading to a significant deviation of the nose wheel and a loss of control.
Investigating Agency: MAKMAK
Category: Accident
The Gulfstream G200 Galaxy aircraft experienced a significant loss of control during landing at Sheremetyevo Airport, Russia, resulting in a sideways slide off the runway and subsequent impact. The pilot initiated a manual ILS approach, which was interrupted by a switch to maximum thrust reversal on the left engine, causing the aircraft to swing to the left. This resulted in a substantial turning moment to the left, leading to the aircraft’s deviation from the runway and damage. The incident highlights a potential failure to adequately consider the AOM (Air Operational Management) regarding the potential destabilizing effect of thrust reversal in crosswind conditions with a reduced braking coefficient.The Gulfstream G200 Galaxy aircraft experienced a significant loss of control during landing at Sheremetyevo Airport, Russia, resulting in a sideways slide off the runway and subsequent impact. The pilot initiated a manual ILS approach, which was interrupted by a switch to maximum thrust reversal on the left engine, causing the aircraft to swing to the left. This resulted in a substantial turning moment to the left, leading to the aircraft’s deviation from the runway and damage. The incident highlights a potential failure to adequately consider the AOM (Air Operational Management) regarding the potential destabilizing effect of thrust reversal in crosswind conditions with a reduced braking coefficient.

Description

The Gulfstream G200 Galaxy plane slid off the side of runway 24C after landing at Moscow’s Sheremetyevo International Airport, Russia. The aircraft slid sideways off the left side of the runway and became stuck in snow. The six occupants were not injured. The aircraft operated on a flight from Baku, Azerbaijan. The en route and descent part of the flight were uneventful. The flight crew performed an ILS approach to runway 24C at Sheremetyevo Airport. The aircraft was cleared to land on runway 24C and wind was reported from 300ø at 5 m/s (10 kts) with gusts to 10 m/s (20 kts). At a height of 80 meters, the captain switched off the autopilot and continued manually. The aircraft touched down at an airspeed of 150 knots, 250 m pas the runway threshold. Brakes were applied and the thrust reversers were deployed. During rollout the no.2 engine was brought back to idle and the thrust reverser stowed. The no.1 (left) engine remained at maximum reverse, causing the aircraft to swing to the left, off the side of the runway. Conclusion: The reason for the accident with the Gulfstream G200 4K-AZ88 was the stowing of the right-engine reverser by the captain from maximum thrust reversal while maintaining maximum thrust reversal on the left engine, which led to the appearance of a significant turning moment to the left. The aircraft turning to the left in the presence of a cross wind to the right, as well as turbulence of the airflow near the rudder due to the open thrust reversal mechanism of the left engine and possible ice deposition on the outer surfaces of the aircraft, which led to the development of a significant swing moment on the rudder. The development of a significant articulated moment on the rudder, in the absence of power steering in the rudder control system, led to its deviation to the leftmost position despite significant (up to 82 kg or 180 pounds) forces exerted by the crew on the pedals. The deviation of the rudder (pedals) to the left also led to the deviation of the nose wheel to the left. The total moment from the running reverse of the left engine, from the right engine in direct draft mode, and from the rudder and nose wheel deflection to the left, led to the aircraft rolling out of the runway and its damage. Separate braking applied by the crew could not prevent the aircraft from rolling out. The contributing factors could have been: – the crew did not take into account the provisions of the AOM about the possible “destabilizing” effect of the thrust reverse when landing with a cross wind on the runway with a reduced braking coefficient; – increased psycho-emotional tension of the crew members due to long dissatisfaction and emotional discussion of instructions and actions of ATC controllers. At the same time, the instructions and actions of the ATC service controllers were in line with established procedures.

Source of Information

https://mak-iac.org/en/rassledovaniya/gulfstream-g200-4k-az88-26-02-2019/https://mak-iac.org/en/rassledovaniya/gulfstream-g200-4k-az88-26-02-2019/

Primary Cause

The captain’s decision to switch to maximum thrust reversal on the left engine while maintaining maximum thrust reversal on the right engine, despite the presence of a crosswind, created a significant destabilizing moment to the left. This resulted in a substantial turning moment to the left, which initiated the aircraft’s deviation from the runway.The captain’s decision to switch to maximum thrust reversal on the left engine while maintaining maximum thrust reversal on the right engine, despite the presence of a crosswind, created a significant destabilizing moment to the left. This resulted in a substantial turning moment to the left, which initiated the aircraft’s deviation from the runway.

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