Incident Overview

Date: Friday 11 June 1999
Aircraft Type: Lockheed Hercules C.1 (C-130K)
Owner/operator: Royal Air Force – RAF
Registration Number: XV298
Location: Kukes – ÿ Albania
Phase of Flight: Take off
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 12
Component Affected: Aircraft wing (specifically right wing)Aircraft wing (specifically right wing)
Category: Accident
On 11 June 1999, RAF Hercules XV298, tasked to collect personnel and equipment from the Kukes airstrip in Albania, experienced a catastrophic accident due to insufficient take-off distance. The aircraft, operating from Italy, landed on an unlit airstrip utilizing Night Vision Goggle (NVG) procedures. The crew, briefed on sufficient runway remaining, failed to identify the end of the airstrip, which was obscured by artificial lighting. The aircraft subsequently collided with a fence and several obstacles, resulting in severe damage to the right wing and subsequent fire, leading to the aircraft’s destruction. The Board of Inquiry concluded that insufficient take-off distance was the primary cause, stemming from discrepancies in operational instructions and airstrip data, and reduced NVG performance.On 11 June 1999, RAF Hercules XV298, tasked to collect personnel and equipment from the Kukes airstrip in Albania, experienced a catastrophic accident due to insufficient take-off distance. The aircraft, operating from Italy, landed on an unlit airstrip utilizing Night Vision Goggle (NVG) procedures. The crew, briefed on sufficient runway remaining, failed to identify the end of the airstrip, which was obscured by artificial lighting. The aircraft subsequently collided with a fence and several obstacles, resulting in severe damage to the right wing and subsequent fire, leading to the aircraft’s destruction. The Board of Inquiry concluded that insufficient take-off distance was the primary cause, stemming from discrepancies in operational instructions and airstrip data, and reduced NVG performance.

Description

On the night of 11 June 1999, RAF Hercules XV298 was tasked to collect personnel and equipment from Kukes airstrip, Albania. The aircraft flew from Italy and landed on the unlit airstrip using normal Night Vision Goggle (NVG) procedures. The crew had been briefed that there would be sufficient runway remaining from the pickup point to the end of the airstrip. The crew were unable to see the end of the airstrip as artificial lighting in the near distance interfered with their night vision goggles. After loading personnel and equipment it began its takeoff run along the remaining available runway, but soon hit a fence and several other ground obstacles. XV298 slowed then veered to the right, suffering severe damage to its right wing before stopping. Fuel leakage from the damaged wing ignited and the subsequent fire destroyed much of the aircraft. The Board quickly discounted aircraft performance or serviceability as factors in the accident, concluding that the take-off distance was insufficient for the aircraft to get airborne safely . This was partly due to anomalies in the operating instructions for tactical landing zone operations which were contained in three separate documents – one used by the aircrew, one for personnel training, and the other used by the airstrip marking party. Consequently each party had different expectations as to what procedure would be followed, which in turn led to the airstrip markings having been laid out differently to those briefed to the aircrew . Further, the Board established that the airstrip data used to plan the sortie was significantly different from the actual airstrip dimensions ; and also concluded that reduced night vision goggle performance contributed to the accident. The Board of Inquiry concluded that the accident was caused because the take-off distance was insufficient for the aircraft to get airborne safely.

Primary Cause

Insufficient take-off distanceInsufficient take-off distance

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