Incident Overview

Date: Tuesday 9 February 1982
Aircraft Type: McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61
Owner/operator: Japan Air Lines – JAL
Registration Number: JA8061
Location: Tokyo-Haneda Airport (HND) – ÿ Japan
Phase of Flight: Approach
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 24 / Occupants: 174
Component Affected: Aircraft Control System (specifically, the pilot’s commands and the autopilot system).Aircraft Control System (specifically, the pilot’s commands and the autopilot system).
Investigating Agency: AAICAAIC
Category: Accident
On November 1, 1979, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61 aircraft, JL350, crashed during approach to Tokyo-Haneda Airport, Japan, resulting in the loss of 24 lives and the survival of 150. The aircraft ascended to FL290, then descended to FL160, and subsequently executed a series of maneuvers including a runway 33R ILS approach and a rapid descent to 3000 feet. A critical error occurred when the co-pilot, attempting to regain control, issued a call for 500 feet, but the captain did not make the required ‘stabilized’ call. The aircraft subsequently descended through 1000 feet, triggering an altimeter warning and a subsequent call for 200 feet, which was the decision height. The aircraft crashed into shallow water near Tokyo Bay, significantly reducing its distance from the runway. The incident was attributed to a recent onset of a psychosomatic disorder, potentially linked to a mental aberration experienced by the captain.On November 1, 1979, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61 aircraft, JL350, crashed during approach to Tokyo-Haneda Airport, Japan, resulting in the loss of 24 lives and the survival of 150. The aircraft ascended to FL290, then descended to FL160, and subsequently executed a series of maneuvers including a runway 33R ILS approach and a rapid descent to 3000 feet. A critical error occurred when the co-pilot, attempting to regain control, issued a call for 500 feet, but the captain did not make the required ‘stabilized’ call. The aircraft subsequently descended through 1000 feet, triggering an altimeter warning and a subsequent call for 200 feet, which was the decision height. The aircraft crashed into shallow water near Tokyo Bay, significantly reducing its distance from the runway. The incident was attributed to a recent onset of a psychosomatic disorder, potentially linked to a mental aberration experienced by the captain.

Description

JAL flight JL350, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61, crashed while on approach to Tokyo-Haneda Airport, Japan, killing 24 occupants; 150 survived the accident. Flight JL350 took off from Fukuoka (FUK) runway 16 at 07:34 for a regular flight to Tokyo-Haneda (HND). The aircraft climbed to the cruising altitude of FL290. At 08:22 the crew started their descend to FL160. After reaching that altitude, they were cleared to descend down to 3000 feet. The aircraft was cleared for a runway 33R ILS approach and 5deg of flaps were selected at 08:35, followed by 25 degrees of flaps one minute later. The landing gear was lowered at 08:39 and 50 degrees of flaps were selected two minutes after that. At 08:42 the aircraft descended through 1000 feet at an airspeed of 135 knots with wind from a direction of 360deg at 20 knots. The co-pilot called out “500 feet” at 08:43:25 but the captain did not make the “stabilized” call-out as specified by JAL operational regulations. The airspeed decreased to 133 knots as the aircraft descended through 300 feet at 08:43:50 and the co-pilot warned the captain that the aircraft was approaching the decision height. At 08:43:56 the radio altimeter warning sounded, followed by the flight engineer calling out “200 feet”, which was the decision height, three seconds later . At 08:44:01 the aircraft descended through 164 feet at 130KIAS. At that moment the captain cancelled autopilot, pushed his controls forward and retarded the throttles to idle. The co-pilot tried to regain control but the aircraft crashed into the shallow water of Tokyo Bay, 510 m short of the runway 33R threshold. The nose and the right hand wing separated from the fuselage. The captain had recently suffered a psychosomatic disorder; preliminary reports suggested that the captain experienced some form of a mental aberration. He had been off duty from November 1980 to November 1981 for these reasons.

Primary Cause

Error in communication and control during a critical phase of the flight, specifically the failure to issue a ‘stabilized’ call, leading to a rapid descent and subsequent crash.Error in communication and control during a critical phase of the flight, specifically the failure to issue a ‘stabilized’ call, leading to a rapid descent and subsequent crash.

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