Incident Overview

Date: Sunday 4 December 1977
Aircraft Type: Boeing 737-2H6
Owner/operator: Malaysian Airlines System – MAS
Registration Number: 9M-MBD
Location: near Tanjong Kupang – ÿ Malaysia
Phase of Flight: En route
Status: Destroyed, written off
Casualties: Fatalities: 100 / Occupants: 100
Component Affected: Aircraft Control Systems (Autopilot, Pitch Control)Aircraft Control Systems (Autopilot, Pitch Control)
Category: Accident
On MAS flight 653, a Boeing 737-200 crashed near Tanjong Kupang, Malaysia, after being hijacked. The aircraft descended to FL210 towards Kuala Lumpur and was hijacked by the hijacker, who demanded to be flown to Singapore. The hijacker shot both pilots and then himself. The autopilot was disconnected, possibly due to a pitch input. A rapid dive occurred, resulting in the aircraft crashing into a swamp and disintegrating.On MAS flight 653, a Boeing 737-200 crashed near Tanjong Kupang, Malaysia, after being hijacked. The aircraft descended to FL210 towards Kuala Lumpur and was hijacked by the hijacker, who demanded to be flown to Singapore. The hijacker shot both pilots and then himself. The autopilot was disconnected, possibly due to a pitch input. A rapid dive occurred, resulting in the aircraft crashing into a swamp and disintegrating.

Description

MAS flight 653, a Boeing 737-200, crashed near Tanjong Kupang, Malaysia, after being hijacked, killing all 100 occupants. Flight MH653 departed Penang, Malaysia at 19:21 hours on a domestic flight to Kuala Lumpur. While descending through an altitude of 4000 feet towards Kuala Lumpur, the crew reported that the plane was hijacked. The hijacker demanded to be flown to Singapore. The aircraft climbed to FL210 and proceeded to Singapore. En route to Singapore, the hijacker reportedly shot both pilots and then himself. The cockpit voice recordings indicate noises suggestive of the cockpit door being broken in, along with a reasonable amount of screaming and cursing. No noises are heard from within the cockpit to indicate any of the three occupants were conscious. The autopilot was then disconnected, possibly due to a pitch input by someone entering the cockpit and trying to control the aircraft. An investigator speculated that someone pulled back on the column, causing a pitch up, followed by an oscillation. This rapidly developed into a high amplitude phugoid oscillation that resulted in a rapid dive. The 737 crashed into a swamp and disintegrated. Cause The accident was caused by the fatal incapacitation of the crew by the hijackers resulting in the aircraft being left in the descent to impact without any professional control.

Primary Cause

Hijacking by the hijacker, resulting in the fatal incapacitation of the crew.Hijacking by the hijacker, resulting in the fatal incapacitation of the crew.

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