Incident Overview

Date: Thursday 25 March 1965
Aircraft Type: Douglas Dakota 4 (DC-3)
Owner/operator: BKS Air Transport
Registration Number: G-AMSH
Location: 2,4 km Leeds/Bradford Airport (LBA) – ÿ United Kingdom
Phase of Flight: Approach
Status: Substantial, repaired
Casualties: Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 3
Component Affected: Port Engine Main Oil FilterPort Engine Main Oil Filter
Category: Accident
On October 26, 2023, an aircraft experienced a near-miss landing due to challenging weather conditions at Leeds/Bradford Airport. The aircraft, operating a night positioning flight, encountered heavy rain, sleet, and reduced visibility during its approach to runway 15. Due to a runway restriction and a significant up-gradient on the 19-degree runway, the captain requested a radar approach to runway 19. The approach was hampered by heavy showers and reduced visibility, leading to a critical misjudgment of the runway’s height. The landing resulted in significant damage to the aircraft’s wing, fuselage, and tailplane. The captain initiated a descent, but the port engine failed due to damage, and the aircraft landed safely, albeit with substantial damage.On October 26, 2023, an aircraft experienced a near-miss landing due to challenging weather conditions at Leeds/Bradford Airport. The aircraft, operating a night positioning flight, encountered heavy rain, sleet, and reduced visibility during its approach to runway 15. Due to a runway restriction and a significant up-gradient on the 19-degree runway, the captain requested a radar approach to runway 19. The approach was hampered by heavy showers and reduced visibility, leading to a critical misjudgment of the runway’s height. The landing resulted in significant damage to the aircraft’s wing, fuselage, and tailplane. The captain initiated a descent, but the port engine failed due to damage, and the aircraft landed safely, albeit with substantial damage.

Description

When the aircraft arrived in the vicinity of Leeds/Bradford Airport, after a night positioning flight from Edinburgh, the following aerodrome weather report was passed to it: Wind velocity 150ø/20 kts., frequently gusting to 30 knots; visibility 4 km but expected to be very much reduced on final approach; weather, heavy driving rain and sleet; cloud, 6/8 at 600 ft (main base at 1,500 ft). On being informed that runway 15 would remain restricted (as a result of an accident to another aircraft) for the remainder of the night, the captain requested a radar approach to runway 19. There is a significant up-gradient on this runway in the 19 direction. During the approach, heavy showers or rain and sleet were encountered, with reduced visibility. At a height of about 650 ft the runway lights were reported, dead ahead, by the first officer. Shortly after this the captain identified the runway lights but not the angle of approach lights. He then switched on the landing lights; this caused considerable glare which appreciably reduced forward visibility. When the first officer noticed treetops and snow patches in the light of the landing lights he called “trees” and attempted to apply up-elevator. Shortly after this the aircraft struck the tops of trees 1.3 nm short of the runway and 175 ft. above the touch-down elevation. The impact broke off the port engine main oil filter and caused extensive damage to the underside of the wing, fuselage and tailplane. Overshoot action was initiated but the port engine had failed as a result of the damage it had sustained, and the captain decided to continue the approach. The aircraft landed safely on the runway without further damage. Opinion: The captain allowed the aircraft to descend below a safe approach path during an approach to land at night in poor weather conditions with the result that it struck tree-tops. The misjudment of height resulted from difficulties of transition from instrument to visual flight and inadequate visual approach slope guidance, and was possibly aggravated by the effects of down-draughts.

Primary Cause

Inadequate visual approach slope guidance and transition from instrument to visual flight, compounded by down-draughts, likely contributed to the misjudgment of the runway height and the subsequent engine failure.Inadequate visual approach slope guidance and transition from instrument to visual flight, compounded by down-draughts, likely contributed to the misjudgment of the runway height and the subsequent engine failure.

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